20140423

Author : Wei, X.R. Shao, M.G. Gale, W. Li, L.H.
Year : 2014
Title : Global pattern of soil carbon losses due to the conversion of forests to agricultural land.
Journal : Scientific Reports
Comment : They collated observations from 453 paired or chronosequential sites where forests have been converted to agricultural land and then assessed the effects of forest type, cultivation stage, climate factors, and soil properties on the change in the SOC stock and the SOC turnover rate constant (k). The SOC turnover rate constant (k) after the conversion of forests to agricultural land increased with the mean annual precipitation and temperature. The largest decrease in SOC stocks was observed in temperate regions (52% decrease), followed by tropical regions (41% decrease) and boreal regions (31% decrease).

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20131218

Author  : Edmondson, J. L. Davies, Z. G. McHugh, N. Gaston, K. J. Leake, J. R. Year  : 2012 Title  : Organic carbon hidden in urban ecosystems Journal  : Scientific Reports Comment   : To date, the total quantity of OC stored in urban soils (under both impervious surfaces and greenspaces), together with that in above-ground vegetation, has never been systematically measured.  They report the first city-wide organic carbon (OC) budget for vegetation and soils, including under impervious surfaces. The majority of OC (82%) was held in soils, with 13% found under impervious surfaces, and 18% stored in vegetation.
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20140731

Author  : Chen, Y. J. Day, S. D. Shrestha, R. K. Strahm, B. D. Wiseman, P. E. Year  : 2014 Title  : Influence of urban land development and soil rehabilitation on soil-atmosphere greenhouse gas fluxes Journal  : Geoderma Comment   : Typical land development practices did not increase global warming potential (GWP) when compared to undeveloped land. Post-development soil rehabilitation, however, resulted in greater GWP than both undisturbed soils and those subjected to typical development practices driven primarily by increased CO2 efflux.
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Biogeographic patterns in below-ground diversity in New York City’s Central Park are similar to those observed globally

Kelly S. Ramirez1 , Jonathan W. Leff4,5, Albert Barbera´n5 , Scott Thomas Bates6 , Jason Betley7 , Thomas W. Crowther8 , Eugene F. Kelly2 , Emily E. Oldfield8 , E. Ashley Shaw3 , Christopher Steenbock4 , Mark A. Bradford8 , Diana H. Wall1,3 and Noah Fierer4,5 Soil biota play key roles in the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems, however, compared to our knowledge of above-ground plant and animal diversity, the biodiversity found in soils remains largely uncharacterized. Here, they present an assessment of soil biodiversity and biogeographic patterns across Central Park in New York City that spanned all three domains of life, demonstrating that even an urban, managed system harbours large amounts of undescribed soil biodiversity. Despite high variability across the Park, below-ground diversity patterns were predictable based on soil characteristics, with prokaryotic and eukaryotic communities exhibiting overlapping biogeographic patterns. Further, Central Park soils harboured nearly ...
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