20170316

Author :  
Kunwar K. Singh, Raechel A. Bianchetti, Gang Chen, Ross K. Meentemeyer
Year : 
2017
Title : 
Assessing effect of dominant land-cover types and pattern on urban forest biomass estimated using LiDAR metrics
Journal : 
Urban Ecosystems


Comment : 
Accurate estimates of biomass can help improve strategies for low-carbon societies. However, litter is known about how urban land-cover and land-use impact biomass in urban forests. In this study, they examined the relationship between LiDAR-derived biomass and dominant land-cover types using field-measured estimates of aboveground forest biomass in an urbanized region of North Carolina, USA. Although three land-cover types (impervious surface, managed clearings, and farmland) exhibited a negative relationship with biomass, only impervious surface was statistically significant. Their results suggest that impervious surface impacted forest biomass estimates considerably in urbanizing landscapes with the greatest effect between 100 and 175 m from a forest stand. Overall, accurate estimates for impervious surface density and its proximity to forest in biomass models may improve urban forest biomass estimates.

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20131218

Author  : Edmondson, J. L. Davies, Z. G. McHugh, N. Gaston, K. J. Leake, J. R. Year  : 2012 Title  : Organic carbon hidden in urban ecosystems Journal  : Scientific Reports Comment   : To date, the total quantity of OC stored in urban soils (under both impervious surfaces and greenspaces), together with that in above-ground vegetation, has never been systematically measured.  They report the first city-wide organic carbon (OC) budget for vegetation and soils, including under impervious surfaces. The majority of OC (82%) was held in soils, with 13% found under impervious surfaces, and 18% stored in vegetation.
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20140731

Author  : Chen, Y. J. Day, S. D. Shrestha, R. K. Strahm, B. D. Wiseman, P. E. Year  : 2014 Title  : Influence of urban land development and soil rehabilitation on soil-atmosphere greenhouse gas fluxes Journal  : Geoderma Comment   : Typical land development practices did not increase global warming potential (GWP) when compared to undeveloped land. Post-development soil rehabilitation, however, resulted in greater GWP than both undisturbed soils and those subjected to typical development practices driven primarily by increased CO2 efflux.
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Biogeographic patterns in below-ground diversity in New York City’s Central Park are similar to those observed globally

Kelly S. Ramirez1 , Jonathan W. Leff4,5, Albert Barbera´n5 , Scott Thomas Bates6 , Jason Betley7 , Thomas W. Crowther8 , Eugene F. Kelly2 , Emily E. Oldfield8 , E. Ashley Shaw3 , Christopher Steenbock4 , Mark A. Bradford8 , Diana H. Wall1,3 and Noah Fierer4,5 Soil biota play key roles in the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems, however, compared to our knowledge of above-ground plant and animal diversity, the biodiversity found in soils remains largely uncharacterized. Here, they present an assessment of soil biodiversity and biogeographic patterns across Central Park in New York City that spanned all three domains of life, demonstrating that even an urban, managed system harbours large amounts of undescribed soil biodiversity. Despite high variability across the Park, below-ground diversity patterns were predictable based on soil characteristics, with prokaryotic and eukaryotic communities exhibiting overlapping biogeographic patterns. Further, Central Park soils harboured nearly ...
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