The concurrent decline of soil lead and children’s blood lead in New Orleans Howard W. Mielke , Christopher R. Gonzales , Eric T. Powell , Mark A. S. Laidlaw , Kenneth J. Berry , Paul W. Mielke Jr. , and Sara Perl Egendorf PNAS first published October 14, 2019 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1906092116 Significance The inextricable link between topsoil lead (Pb) and children’s blood lead (BPb) has not been widely accepted. Pb is associated with multiple health adversities. Urban residents are at risk from exposure to legacy Pb dust in topsoil resulting from smelting, industrial discharges, leaded gasoline emissions, leaded paint, and incineration. In New Orleans, topsoil median Pb decreased in ∼15 y from 99 mg/kg to 54 mg/kg, or ∼2.4 mg⋅kg⋅y −1 . In ∼12 y, children’s median BPb declined from 3.6 μg/dL to 1.3 μg/dL, or ∼0.2 μg⋅dL⋅y −1 . We argue that depletion of topsoil Pb is an important factor in the continuous dec...
Author : M. Rial, A. Martínez Cortizas, L. Rodríguez-Lado Year : 2017 Title : Understanding the spatial distribution of factors controlling topsoil organic carbon content in European soils Journal : Science of the Total Environment Comment : They present a modelling procedure for mapping and monitoring SOC contents that uses Visible-Near Infrared (VNIR) spectroscopic measurements and a series of environmental covariates to ascertain the key environmental processes that have a major contribution into SOC sequestration processes. Their results show that it follows a geographically non-stationary process in which the influencing environmental factors have different weights depending on the spatial location. This implies that SOC stock modelling should not rely on a single model but on a combination of different statistical models depending on the environment...
Climate warming alters subsoil but not topsoil carbon dynamics in alpine grassland Juan Jia Zhenjiao Cao Chengzhu Liu Zhenhua Zhang Li Lin Yiyun Wang Negar Haghipour Lukas Wacker Hongyan Bao Thorston Dittmar Myrna J. Simpson Huan Yang Thomas W. Crowther Timothy I. Eglinton Jin‐Sheng He Xiaojuan Feng Subsoil contains more than half of soil organic carbon (SOC) globally and is conventionally assumed to be relatively unresponsive to warming compared to the topsoil. Here, we show substantial changes in carbon allocation and dynamics of the subsoil but not topsoil in the Qinghai‐Tibetan alpine grasslands over 5 years of warming. Specifically, warming enhanced the accumulation of newly synthesized ( 14 C‐enriched) carbon in ...
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